Pepin the Short, also known as Pepin III or Pepin the Bref, was a significant figure in European history, specifically as the King of the Franks from 751 to 768. Born in 714, Pepin was the son of Charles Martel, the renowned Frankish warrior and Mayor of the Palace, and his wife Rotrude. In the early years of his life, he witnessed his father's rise to power and the consolidation of the Frankish realm. After the death of his father in 741, Pepin assumed the role of Mayor of the Palace, following in Charles Martel's footsteps. However, he sought to legitimize his position and solidify his authority further. In 751, with the Pope's support, Pepin staged a coup against the Merovingian king Childeric III, effectively deposing him and ascending to the throne himself. This marked the end of the Merovingian dynasty and the birth of the Carolingian dynasty, with Pepin as its founder. His reign, though relatively short, was marked by significant political and religious achievements. He established a strong alliance with the Papacy, securing the Pope's support and recognition as the legitimate ruler of the Franks. To solidify this alliance, Pepin undertook the famous Donation of Pepin in 756, granting substantial territories in Italy to the Papal States, which marked the foundation of the Papal States' temporal power. Furthermore, Pepin's military campaigns aimed to expand and centralize Frankish authority. He successfully defeated various foes, particularly the Lombards, effectively incorporating their kingdom into the Carolingian Empire. His military successes allowed for the expansion and stabilization of the Frankish realm, setting the stage for the rule of his son, Charlemagne. Pepin the Short passed away on September 24, 768, leaving behind a significant legacy. He was a ruler who successfully navigated the complex political landscape of his time, making substantial contributions to both the Frankish kingdom and the Papacy.
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