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Last Name Gilles

What is the origin of the last name Gilles?

The surname "Gilles" is of French origin. It is a diminutive form of the given name Gillès, which itself comes from the Germanic name "Gisel", meaning "pledge" or "hostage". During the Middle Ages, many European names were altered and shortened as families migrated and settled in different regions, leading to the formation of various surnames. The name Gilles is most commonly found among French speakers but can also be found in other countries with a significant French influence.

Learn more about the origin of the last name Gilles

The meaning and origin of the last name Gilles

The surname Gilles is of French origin, derived from the given name Gillès, a pet form of Gilbert, itself a variant of Gisilbert, composed of the Germanic elements 'Gisil' (pledge, hostage) and 'berht' (bright, famous). It is most common in France, Belgium, Canada (especially Quebec), and other regions with significant French influence. The name Gilles has been borne by several important figures throughout history, including saints and popes. For example, Pope Silvester I, also known as Saint Sylvester I, was born Gillus or Giles around 275 A.D., ruling the Catholic Church from approximately 314 to his death in 335. The name's popularity in modern times can be attributed to its attractive sound and historical significance, making it a beloved choice for French-speaking families worldwide.

Geographical distribution of the last name Gilles

The surname Gilles has its origins primarily in French-speaking regions, with a significant concentration in France, particularly in the historical provinces of Normandy, Brittany, and Languedoc-Roussillon. It is also prevalent among French Canadians in Quebec and the Canadian Maritimes, owing to the historic migration from France to New France. Outside Europe, Gilles is widely distributed among French colonies and their descendants, notably in Haiti, Louisiana (USA), and various Caribbean islands. Additionally, Gilles can be found in smaller numbers in other parts of North America, such as the United States and some South American countries, where French immigrants settled during colonial times or later. In summary, while the name Gilles is predominantly associated with France and its diaspora, it has a global presence in regions influenced by French colonization.

Variants and spellings of the last name Gilles

The surname Gilles has several variations and spellings, including Gillis, Gillies, Gillespie, and Guillot (French), Gilje (Norwegian), Giulio (Italian), and Guilhoto (Portuguese). These variations can also be found in various countries such as France, Scotland, England, Wales, the United States, Canada, and Australia. Each of these versions may have different origins and meanings, with some being of French origin (from the personal name Gisel or Guillaume), while others may originate from different languages and cultures. It is essential to consider each variation's historical and regional context when researching their meanings and origins.

Famous people with the last name Gilles

Jacques Gilles Villeneuve, a renowned figure in the world of motorsports, was born in Montreal, Canada in 1967. He won the Formula One World Championship for Rookie Drivers in 1996 with Williams-Renault and was the father of Formula One driver Sébastien Vettel. His racing style, marked by fearlessness and unpredictability, endeared him to fans. Tragically, his life was cut short at the age of 32 following a fatal crash during the 1995 San Marino Grand Prix. In the realm of visual arts, Claude Gilles, born in Paris in 1609, was a prominent French painter who excelled in portraiture and genre painting, creating works that reflected the grandeur and elegance of the French Court. His most famous work, "Portrait of Cardinal Richelieu," remains one of the finest examples of Baroque portrait painting.

Genealogical research on the last name Gilles

The surname Gilles, or Gillis, is of French origin and is derived from the personal name Aegidius, which means "working, laborious" in Latin. It was primarily used as a baptismal name and was borne by several saints, including St. Egidius, who was the patron saint of sheep herders. The Gilles family can be traced back to Normandy, where they held significant influence during the Middle Ages. From there, members of the Gilles family migrated to England with William the Conqueror in 1066 and later settled in Ireland and Scotland. In Scotland, the name was often Anglicized as Gilmour or Gilchrist. The Gilles family also played a significant role in the colonization of America, with many members settling along the Eastern seaboard during the 17th and 18th centuries. Today, the surname Gilles can be found throughout the English-speaking world, with particularly high concentrations in France, Canada, and the United States.

Last name distribution maps

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Sources & References

About the author :
NomOrigine Team
NomOrigine Team
Passionate about genealogy, name history, and linguistics, we have been analyzing the origins of names for over 3 years. Our content is based on verified historical, etymological, and statistical data.
Last updated : 11 June 2025

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