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Last Name Polo

What is the origin of the last name Polo?

The surname "Polo" or "Pollo" has Italian origins and is derived from the occupational name for a peddler or merchant of poultry (chicken, geese, ducks). This name dates back to the Middle Ages in Europe. A famous bearer of this surname is Marco Polo, the Venetian explorer who traveled to Asia during the late 13th century and wrote a well-known travelogue, "The Travels of Marco Polo." However, it's important to note that the origin of a specific family bearing the name may vary depending on their particular history and migration patterns.

Learn more about the origin of the last name Polo

The meaning and origin of the last name Polo

The surname Polo originates from Italy and is derived from the Occitan word "paule," which means "Paul." This name was brought to Europe by the Crusaders and became popular throughout the continent. The most notable family bearing the surname Polo are the Polos of Venice, particularly the famous explorer Marco Polo. In 1271, his father and Maffeo (Nicholas) Polo set out on a journey that would take them across Asia to the court of Kublai Khan in China. Upon their return, Marco wrote "The Travels of Marco Polo," a book that provided Europeans with a detailed account of life in the Far East and significantly influenced Western culture. The surname Polo has been carried by many notable individuals throughout history, including explorers, artists, and scholars, showcasing its rich and varied lineage.

Geographical distribution of the last name Polo

The surname Polo has its origins in Italy and is primarily distributed across that country, particularly in the region of Veneto where it is most prevalent. Historically associated with the famous explorer Marco Polo, who hailed from Venice, many Italians bearing this name can trace their ancestry to this area. Outside of Italy, the Polo surname can also be found in significant numbers among Italian diaspora communities around the world, particularly in Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, and the United States. Additionally, due to historical ties between Venice and other parts of Europe, the name Polo can also be found in countries such as Spain, France, and Portugal. Furthermore, it may occasionally appear in other regions due to immigration or adoption.

Variants and spellings of the last name Polo

The surname Polo has various spelling variations across different regions and time periods. The most common spelling is "Polo". However, it may also be found as "de Polo", "del Polo", or "Pollo" in some instances. In certain Spanish-speaking countries, the name might be spelled as "Balaño de Polo" or "Balaguer de Polo". Other variations include "Pola", "Polini", and "Polli", which may be found among Italian families who originated from the same region as the famous Venetian traveler Marco Polo. Additionally, it is worth noting that the name may also be spelled as "Polo de Medina" in Portuguese-speaking cultures. These variations underscore the rich and diverse history of the surname Polo.

Famous people with the last name Polo

Notable individuals with the surname Polo include:

1. Marco Polo (1254-1324), an Italian merchant adventurer and author, best known for his travels along the Silk Road and writing the book "The Travels of Marco Polo." His stories greatly influenced Europe's knowledge of Asia during the Middle Ages.

2. Nicolò Polo (c. 1260-1324), Marco Polo's elder brother, who accompanied him on their travels in Asia. Little is known about his life beyond these accounts.

3. Maffeo Polo (c. 1250-1329), the father of Marco and Nicolò Polo, was a Venetian merchant who may have begun the family's travels to Asia prior to his sons' journeys.

4. Rustico Polo (died 1287), another brother of Marco, is believed to have accompanied his brothers to Asia but died during their return journey.

5. Paolo Polo (c. 1306-1364), the son of Marco, served as a knight in the army of King Louis I of Hungary and later became the Podestà (magistrate) of Capodistria (now Koper, Slovenia).

6. Alessandro de Poli (c. 1350-1429), also known as Alexander Polo, was a Venetian Dominican friar and mathematician who made significant contributions to the development of algebra during the late Middle Ages.

Genealogical research on the last name Polo

The surname Polo originates from Italy and is associated with the famous Venetian family who lived during the High Middle Ages. The most notable member of this family is Marco Polo, known for his travels to Asia and the book "The Travels of Marco Polo." His father, Niccolò Polo, and uncle, Maffeo Polo, also accompanied him on these journeys. The Polos were a patrician family from Venice, with the family name derived from the Latin word for 'field' or 'meadow', 'polus'. The family's lineage can be traced back to the 10th century in Veneto region, as documented in the Venetian Censuses of 1296 and 1313. Other notable Polos include Marco's sons, Niccolò and Matteo Polo, who continued their father's explorations and contributed to the geographical knowledge of the Middle Ages. The Polo family legacy remains significant in both European and Asian history.

Last name distribution maps

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Sources & References

About the author :
NomOrigine Team
NomOrigine Team
Passionate about genealogy, name history, and linguistics, we have been analyzing the origins of names for over 3 years. Our content is based on verified historical, etymological, and statistical data.
Last updated : 11 June 2025

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